Publishing Ethics

• The journal adheres to the highest ethical standards in scientific publishing based on the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) to ensure the integrity and credibility of scientific articles.
• The editorial board is responsible for the objective and impartial evaluation of articles based solely on their scientific quality, without any discrimination, while maintaining complete confidentiality and preventing conflicts of interest.
• Reviewers are committed to treating articles as strictly confidential documents, providing rigorous scientific criticism, and immediately disclosing any conflict of interest that might affect their professional decision.
• Authors are required to submit original articles and strictly refrain from fabrication or duplicate publication, with the necessity of disclosing all sources of financial support and funding agencies for the article.
• In the event of discovering any manipulation or research misconduct, the journal holds the full right to immediately halt publication procedures or initiate article withdrawal procedures while informing the relevant academic institutions.
• The percentage of published articles by editorial board members shall not exceed 10% of the total articles in a single issue to ensure equal opportunities, absolute impartiality, and transparency.
• All opinions expressed in the published articles represent the viewpoints of their authors only and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the journal or the publishing college; researchers bear full legal and ethical responsibility for the content of their articles.